Resumen de: WO2024098909A1
Provided in the present invention is a gas-liquid diffuser for hydrogen production by using alkaline electrolytic water. The gas-liquid diffuser is arranged between an electrode plate and a diaphragm to form a gas-liquid diffusion layer, is made of a woven net or a plate net, and is provided with a plurality of flow channels alternating on two sides of the gas-liquid diffuser; and in a direction perpendicular to the flow channels, the cross section of the gas-liquid diffuser is in a wavy shape formed by the plurality of flow channels. By using the gas-liquid diffuser, the contact resistance is effectively reduced, the electrolytic efficiency is improved, the stress concentration of a contact position is lowered, the diaphragm is prevented from being crushed, the flow resistance of a fluid is reduced, a stagnation flow or a back flow is prevented from being formed in an internal flow field, the risk of the intermixing of hydrogen and oxygen is lowered, and a contact area between a surface of an electrode and an alkaline electrolyte is increased.
Resumen de: US2024157346A1
Disclosed herein are trimetallic PtAu-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical hydrogen production and screening methods thereof. Nanocatalysts are produced through a polymer pen lithography (PPL) technique, which enables large-scale fabrication of nanoparticle arrays with programmable specifications such as size, shape, and composition, providing a route to the high-throughput screening and discovery of new catalysts.
Resumen de: AU2022390055A1
The present invention is directed to the production of low-carbon syngas from captured CO2 and renewable H2. The H2 is generated from water using an electrolyzer powered by renewable electricity, or from any other method of low-carbon H2 production. The improved catalysts use low-cost metals, they can be produced economically in commercial quantities, and they are chemically and physically stable up to 2,100 °F. CO2 conversion is between 80% and 100% with CO selectivity of greater than 99%. The catalysts don't sinter or form coke when converting H2.CO2 mixtures to syngas in the operating ranges of 1,300-1,800 °F, pressures of 75- 450 psi, and space velocities of 2,000-100,000 hr-1. The catalysts are stable, exhibiting between 0 and 1 % CO2 conversion decline per 1,000 hrs. The syngas can be used for the synthesis of low-carbon fuels and chemicals, or for the production of purified H2.
Resumen de: AU2022390428A1
The present invention is generally directed to a reactor for the production of low-carbon syngas from captured carbon dioxide and renewable hydrogen. The hydrogen is generated from water using an electrolyzer powered by renewable electricity or from any other method of low-carbon hydrogen production. The improved catalytic reactor is energy efficient and robust when operating at temperatures up to 1800°F. Carbon dioxide conversion efficiencies are greater than 75% with carbon monoxide selectivity of greater than 98%. The catalytic reactor is constructed of materials that are physically and chemically robust up to 1800°F. As a result, these materials are not reactive with the mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide or the carbon monoxide and steam products. The reactor materials do not have catalytic activity or modify the physical and chemical composition of the conversion catalyst. Electrical resistive heating elements are integrated into the catalytic bed of the reactor so that the internal temperature decreases by no more than 100°F from the entrance at any point within the reactor. The catalytic process exhibits a reduction in performance of less than 0.5% per 1000 operational hours.
Resumen de: WO2024101163A1
This electrochemical cell (1) is provided with a metal plate (10), a cell main body (20) and a deformation suppressing layer (30). The cell main body (20) comprises a multilayer body (20a) that is composed of: a hydrogen electrode layer (21) which is formed on a first main surface (11) of the metal plate (10); and an electrolyte layer (22) which is formed on the hydrogen electrode layer (21). The deformation suppressing layer (30) is formed on a second main surface (12) of the metal plate (10). The thermal expansion coefficient of the multilayer body (20a) is lower than the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal plate (10). The thermal expansion coefficient of the deformation suppressing layer (30) is lower than the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal plate (10).
Resumen de: WO2024101506A1
The present invention relates to an apparatus for increasing fuel efficiency and reducing exhaust gas by hydrogen generation and supply. The apparatus for increasing fuel efficiency and reducing exhaust gas, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a container for containing water; a hydrogen generator that is disposed inside the container and generates hydrogen by electrolyzing water; a discharge part for discharging the hydrogen generated in the hydrogen generator to the outside; and a controller for controlling the operation of the hydrogen generator. The hydrogen generator includes a cover, a hydrogen electrode disposed inside the cover, an oxygen electrode disposed inside the cover, and a membrane disposed inside the cover and disposed between one surface of the hydrogen electrode and one surface of the oxygen electrode.
Resumen de: WO2024102689A1
A method of forming oxygen or hydrogen gas from water includes flowing an anolyte from outside an electrochemical cell to contact an anode of the electrochemical cell, wherein the method is free of flowing a catholyte from outside of the electrochemical cell to contact a cathode of the electrochemical cell, and wherein the cathode forms hydrogen gas. Alternatively, the method includes flowing a catholyte from outside the electrochemical cell to contact the cathode of the electrochemical cell, wherein the method is free of flowing an anolyte from outside of the electrochemical cell to contact the anode of the electrochemical cell, and wherein the anode forms oxygen gas. The electrochemical cell includes the anode, the cathode, and an ion exchange membrane between the anode and the cathode.
Resumen de: WO2024102844A1
A modular system for hydrogen generation includes a plurality of cores electrically connected in series to a power supply, wherein each core includes an electrolyzer and a bypass circuit configured to electrically isolate the core from the power supply. The modular system also includes a hub including a water source and a controller, wherein the water source is in fluid communication with the electrolyzer of each of the plurality of cores, and the controller includes a switch activatable, in response to a triggering condition, to electrically isolate one or more of the plurality of cores from the power supply via a respective bypass circuit.
Resumen de: US2024158931A1
The present invention relates to the generation of an electrolysis product, in particular to an electrolysis system and a method for generating the electrolysis product. A plurality of electrically intercoupled electrolysis units are provided. Each of the electrolysis units includes (i) an electrolysis assembly having a plurality of electrolysis cells configured to, upon provision of a direct current, generate the electrolysis product from a supply medium, and (ii) a photovoltaic assembly electrically coupled to the electrolysis assembly for providing the electrolysis cells with direct current generated from incident electromagnetic radiation.
Resumen de: AU2022370169A1
The techniques described herein relate to methods for the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, the methods including use of plasma, such as a microjet plasma, in a first reaction chamber to generate a vibrationally exited nitrogen atom or nitrogen containing molecule, optionally wherein the excited nitrogen atom or molecule is reacted with hydrogen in an aqueous medium, optionally wherein the medium is then recycled to remove soluble products. A system for carrying out such methods is also provided.
Resumen de: WO2024098910A1
The present invention aims to overcome the defects of existing electrolytic bath pole frame designs for hydrogen production from water electrolysis, and provides an electrolytic bath pole frame for hydrogen production from water electrolysis and an electrolytic bath using the pole frame. The optimization structure can enable the flow field distribution of an electrolytic cell to be more uniform, and the electrolysis efficiency in the electrolytic cell is improved. Moreover, by means of the optimization structure, a gas-liquid ratio of a gas-liquid outlet is closer, smooth discharge of gas and liquid is facilitated, and pressure drop is reduced.
Resumen de: WO2024098957A1
The present invention relates to the field of preparation and use of nano materials, and in particular, to a preparation method and use of nano copper phosphide. The key point of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving chitosan in an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid to obtain a first mixed solution; (2) slowly adding an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide into the first mixed solution to obtain a second mixed solution; (3) dropwise adding an aqueous solution of copper nitrate into the second mixed solution, and obtaining a third mixed solution after complete reaction; (4) centrifuging the third mixed solution, collecting a centrifugal product, and carrying out vacuum drying on the centrifugal product to obtain a dried product; and (5) placing the dried product downstream of a tube furnace, placing a phosphorus source upstream of the tube furnace, and heating under the protection of an inert gas to obtain a copper phosphide sample. The present invention has a simple process and saves costs, the prepared nano copper phosphide is of a hollow nanosphere structure, and such a structure has excellent performance as an HER catalyst.
Resumen de: WO2024100908A1
Problem To provide an electrolyzed water producing device that can stabilize the quality of an electrolyte aqueous solution that is reused in a single-chamber electrolyzer. Solution An electrolyzed water producing device comprises: a first three-chamber electrolyzer including a first intermediate chamber that electrolyzes a supplied electrolyte aqueous solution and discharges the electrolyte aqueous solution for which a portion of the electrolyte has been consumed, and a first anode chamber and a first cathode chamber to which an ionized electrolyte is supplied from the first intermediate chamber; a single-chamber electrolyzer; an electrolyte supply unit; an electrolyte circulation unit to which the electrolyte aqueous solution is supplied from the electrolyte supply unit, that circulates the electrolyte aqueous solution to and from the first intermediate chamber, and that supplies the electrolyte aqueous solution to the single-chamber electrolyzer; and an excess circulation unit that circulates, to and from the electrolyte circulation unit, excess electrolyte aqueous solution resulting from a supply amount of the electrolyte aqueous solution from the electrolyte supply unit and the first intermediate chamber being greater than a supply amount of the electrolyte aqueous solution to the first intermediate chamber and the single-chamber electrolyzer in the electrolyte circulation unit.
Resumen de: US2024162468A1
A method and system of generating electrical power or hydrogen from thermal energy is disclosed. The method includes separating, by a selectively permeable membrane, a first saline solution from a second saline solution, receiving, by the first saline solution and/or the second saline solution, thermal energy from a heat source, and mixing the first saline solution and the second saline solution in a controlled manner, capturing at least some salinity-gradient energy as electrical power as the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution decreases. The method further includes transferring, by a heat pump, thermal energy from the first saline solution to the second saline solution, causing the salinity difference between the first saline solution and the second saline solution to increase. The method may include a process of membrane distillation, forward osmosis, evaporation, electrodialysis, and/or salt decomposition for further energy efficiency and power generation.
Resumen de: US2024158702A1
A method of steam cracking using a steam cracking system includes a first steam cracking furnace unit or a plurality of first steam cracking furnace units and a second steam cracking furnace unit or a plurality of second steam cracking furnace units. The first steam cracking furnace unit or each of the plurality of first steam cracking furnace units comprises one or more fired steam cracking furnaces. The second steam cracking furnace unit or each of the plurality of second steam cracking furnace units comprises one or more electric steam cracking furnaces. The first steam cracking furnace unit or each of the plurality of first steam cracking furnace units further includes means for preheating at least a part of combustion air provided to its fired steam cracking furnace or furnaces to a temperature level of at least 100° C.
Resumen de: US2024158936A1
The present disclosure discloses a method for preparing a carbon nanodot-modified nickel phosphide nanosheet and a use thereof as auxiliary materials in water electrolysis. The preparation steps include: preparing water solution containing carbon nanodots; attaching the carbon nanodots to the surface of a hydrogen-producing electrode in water electrolysis; and annealing the hydrogen-producing electrode with carbon nanodots. The carbon nanodots obtained by this preparation method have extremely small sizes and relatively uniform diameters, facilitating the attachment with other materials, and the integration of these carbon nanodots with the hydrogen-producing electrode in water electrolysis significantly enhances the hydrogen production efficiency, substantially reducing the cost required for hydrogen production through water electrolysis.
Resumen de: AU2022373841A1
The present invention relates to an electrolyser (100) for generating hydrogen, the electrolyser comprising: a housing (102) comprising an electrolyte chamber (104); two electrodes (108, 112) for decomposition of electrolyte water, at least one of the electrodes being permeable to gases produced by the decomposition of electrolyte water, wherein the at least one permeable electrode (108) has a first surface (114) facing the electrolyte chamber and a second surface (116) facing a first gas collection chamber (106); an electrolyte supply circuit (130) for supplying electrolyte water to the electrolyte chamber; and a control unit (160) and/or mechanical control for controlling a pressure drop across the at least one permeable electrode, between the electrolyte chamber and the first gas collection chamber.
Resumen de: AU2022395970A1
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing ammonia (13), in which a first hydrogen/nitrogen fraction (6) is provided at a time-varying flow rate in order to form an ammonia synthesis gas (8) which is converted to ammonia in an ammonia synthesis (A), wherein the first hydrogen/nitrogen fraction (6) is supplemented by a second hydrogen/nitrogen fraction (14) in such a way that, during normal operation, the ammonia synthesis gas (8) can always be supplied to the ammonia synthesis (A) at a flow rate which exceeds a predefined minimum value. The characterising feature here is that ammonia (10) produced in the ammonia synthesis (A) is transferred in liquid form to a storage means (Z) from which ammonia (15) is taken and split into hydrogen and nitrogen in order to obtain hydrogen and nitrogen so as to form the second hydrogen/nitrogen fraction (14).
Resumen de: WO2024099737A1
2. The invention relates to a filter for treating process fluid such as that which in particular arises during hydrogen electrolysis, preferably for separating hydrogen and/or oxygen from process water, having a first filter element (10) and a second filter element (12), which encloses the first filter element (10) with the formation of a flow space (14) with a predefinable radial spacing, wherein each filter element (10, 12) has a filter medium (16, 18) through which the process fluid can flow in a flow-through direction (24) from the outside to the inside or preferably from the inside to the outside, wherein, seen in the flow-through direction (24), the one filter medium (16) forms a first degassing stage, which is used to enlarge gas bubbles through coalescence and to remove same from the process fluid through separation caused by buoyancy, and the subsequent further filter medium (18) forms a second degassing stage, which is used to remove very finely distributed gas bubbles remaining in the process fluid, again through coalescence and the separation of same through rising caused by buoyancy.
Resumen de: AU2022392161A1
Provided herein are systems and methods for controlling production of low-carbon liquid fuels and chemicals. In an aspect, provided herein is a method controlling a process that produces e-fuels. In another aspect, provided herein is a system for producing an e-fuel from constituent ingredients H2 and CO2, with H2 produced via electrolysis powered by renewable electrical energy.
Resumen de: AU2022389572A1
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen production plant, particularly to a method for producing hydrogen in the hydrogen production plant by using two types of electrolysis systems. The first electrolysis system (ES1) comprises an active DC module (Ma) and at least one first-type electrolyzer (E1), which is configured for producing a first hydrogen output (HO1) by using a first power from the active DC module (Ma), and the second electrolysis system (ES2), comprising a passive DC module (Mp) and at least one second-type electrolyzer (E2), which is configured for producing a second hydrogen output (HO2) by using a second power from the passive DC module (Mp). The method comprises the steps of: in a ramp-up phase, increasing the first hydrogen output (HO1) of the first electrolysis system (ES1); and when the first hydrogen output (HO1) of the first electrolysis system (ES1) crosses a first predefined hydrogen output threshold (HO
Resumen de: US2024158939A1
Methods and systems for producing iron from an iron-containing ore and removing impurities found in the iron-containing ore are disclosed. For example, a method for producing iron comprises providing a feedstock having an iron-containing ore and one or more impurities to a dissolution subsystem comprising a first electrochemical cell; producing an iron-rich solution, in the dissolution subsystem; treating the iron-rich solution to remove at least a portion of one or more impurities by raising a pH of the iron-rich solution from an initial pH to an adjusted pH thereby precipitating at least a portion of the one or more impurities in the treated iron-rich solution; delivering the treated iron-rich solution to an iron-plating subsystem having a second electrochemical cell; second electrochemically reducing at least a first portion of the transferred formed Fe2+ ions to Fe metal; and removing the Fe metal from the second electrochemical cell thereby producing iron.
Resumen de: US2024158932A1
Electrolysis arrangement for producing hydrogen by electrolysis that can include a first input terminal configured to supply electrical energy to the electrolysis arrangement; a second input terminal configured to supply electrical energy to the electrolysis arrangement; a first transformer; a second transformer; a first group of electrolysis stacks, which comprises a first sub-group and a second sub-group; a second group of electrolysis stacks which comprises a first sub-group and a second sub-group, wherein the electrolysis stacks of the first group are spatially separated from the electrolysis stacks of the second group, wherein the electrolysis stacks of the first sub-group of the first group and of the first sub-group of the second group are electrically connected via the first transformer to the first input terminal, and wherein the electrolysis stacks of the second sub-group of the first group (A) and of the second sub-group of the second group are connected electrically via the second transformer to the second input terminal.
Resumen de: US2024158900A1
Aluminum can be used as a fuel source when reacted with water if its native surrounding oxide coating is penetrated with a gallium-based eutectic. When discrete aluminum objects are treated in a heated bath of eutectic, the eutectic penetrates the oxide coating. After the aluminum objects are treated, the aluminum objects can be reacted in a reactor to produce hydrogen which can, for example, react with oxygen in a fuel cell to produce electricity, for use in a variety of applications.
Nº publicación: US2024158540A1 16/05/2024
Solicitante:
TOYOTA JIDOSHA KK [JP]
TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Resumen de: US2024158540A1
A seaweed recycling system includes an alginate production apparatus configured to perform processing of washing the seaweed, processing of extracting an aqueous solution containing an alginate component, processing of diluting the extracted aqueous solution, processing of separating the diluted aqueous solution from the seaweed, processing of solidifying and precipitating alginate from the aqueous solution separated from the seaweed, and processing of dehydrating the precipitated alginate, a water purification apparatus configured to perform purification processing of wastewater, a fresh water production apparatus configured to produce fresh water from one of seawater and the purified wastewater, a hydrogen production apparatus configured to produce hydrogen from one of the seawater, the fresh water produced by the fresh water production apparatus, and the purified wastewater; and a control apparatus configured to supply the purified wastewater to one of the fresh water production apparatus, the hydrogen production apparatus, and the alginate production apparatus.